Metering Metering Evalutation Attribute Cost (money) Interoperability long term relationship Deployment Readiness Build Quality  Inhemeter  3 5 3 3 5 Gomelong Meter (no PLC meter with built-in relay) Sagewood Meters Calin Meter ? 5 5 ? 5 Spark Meter 3 1 3 1 5 China Brandless Meter  5 1 3 3 1 iSmart Meter 1 5 3 1 3 Hoptele Meter 3 5 5 5 3 Inhemeter China/UG based OEM. Edwin Cho is our contact. 0 774 667667, +86 135 3210 1631. 1way Meter boxed FOB 46Usd Cloud Vending System 100 USD per month up to 1000 meters Free On Board (FOB) Which means not including shipping and inland transport and any clearance fees Sagewood  Sagewood is a UK based logistics supplier. +44 7831 135528 - Manoj Got some feedback on this one . Here goes…
Hi Hilary, all good am still in china snd heading back tomrrow to uk.
China was on national holidays from 30 April to today May 5.
Now working on it.
I have discussed with the team - Due to small number of meters for the system, we suggest a cloud version so you don’t have to invest in hardware. Many endusers are doing this.
Meters we can handle but MOQ is around 2000 metres.
Or we can manufacture them to very with other orders. So you don’t have to worry about MOQ.
Allow me few days and I revert back.  Hoptele  China supplier / OEM. Single phase PLC meter. Wall mount with PLC support and inbuilt relay. DIN rail mount with PLC support but no inbuilt relay. 70 US per meter. No vending system.  Gomelong  China based supplier, has a local distributor in Uganda. Gomelong Meter (no PLC meter with built-in relay). May have none PLC option. Pricing for "digital meter" (probably with no relay) 127k UGX per unit.  Spark Meter  Kenya based. Proprietary system (Meters + AMI). 70 USD per meter. Comes with a DTU that requires line of sight to meters. 1 DTU per 2000 meters max. 600 USD per year per DTU.  Calinmeter  Have a DIN rail PLC with built-in relay. Waiting on quote. May also have AMI iSmart  Found these ones online. They also have a PLC with built-in relay .  The meter sample fee: 10pcs*600USD/pc; the DCU will need 7500USD/pc; the PC software for testing is 5000USD/pc; the optical head is 300USD/pc; the pilot system will need 30000USD; the technical assistance fee is 1500USD; DHL shipping cost is around 5500USD. Wired vs Wireless meters Wireless open standards  Comparison Protocol Frequency Range Data Rate Topology Power Usage Zigbee 2.4 GHz, 915/868 MHz Short Up to 250 kbps Mesh, Star Very Low LoRaWAN 868/915 MHz Long 0.3–50 kbps Star Extremely Low Wi-SUN 868/915 MHz Medium to Long 50–300 kbps Mesh Low to Medium Bluetooth LE 2.4 GHz Short 125 kbps–2 Mbps Star, Mesh Very Low IEEE 802.11ah Sub-GHz (~900 MHz) Medium Up to Mbps Star, Tree Low IEEE 802.15.4 Various Short–Medium 20–250 kbps Mesh, Star Very Low Thread 2.4 GHz Short 250 kbps Mesh Very Low Recommended for Residential Microgrid Applications in Uganda: LoRaWAN : If covering a large geographical area (kilometers), due to its excellent range, penetration, and low power use. Wi-SUN : For robust, medium-to-large-scale smart metering networks, especially if a mesh topology is desirable. Zigbee/Thread : Ideal for dense residential areas where devices (meters) are closer together, benefiting from low power and reliable mesh networking. Wired Open standards  Comparison Protocol Standard OSI Layers Medium Topology Range Data Rate Typical Application Areas Remarks G3-PLC ITU-T G.9903 Layers 1-2 Power Lines Mesh, Star Up to several km 2.4–35 kbps Smart grids, AMI, smart meters Robust, designed for noisy environments; supports IPv6, strong security PRIME ITU-T G.9904 Layers 1-2 Power Lines Mesh, Star Up to several km 21–128 kbps Smart metering, distribution automation Optimized for higher-speed PLC, widely used in European smart meter rollouts IEEE 1901.2 PLC IEEE 1901.2 Layers 1-2 Power Lines Mesh, Star Up to several km 2.4–500 kbps Smart grids, smart cities High interoperability, IPv6 support; ideal for utility and smart city deployments M-Bus (Meter-Bus) EN 13757 Layers 1-2 Twisted pair cable Bus Up to ~1 km 0.3–38.4 kbps Meter reading (water, heat, gas) Widely used in Europe; reliable, low-cost wired solution KNX ISO/IEC 14543-3 Layers 1-2 Twisted pair cable Bus, Star, Tree Up to ~1 km 9.6 kbps Building automation, home control Open standard for building automation, popular in Europe BACnet MS/TP ASHRAE 135 Layers 1-2 RS-485 twisted pair Bus Up to ~1.2 km 9.6–115.2 kbps Building automation, HVAC controls Common in building and industrial automation; robust, scalable Ethernet IEEE 802.3 Layers 1-2 CAT5/CAT6 cable Star, Tree Up to ~100 m 10 Mbps–100 Gbps Networking backbone, smart buildings High-speed, standard networking; widely supported across industries RS-485 (EIA-485) EIA-485 Layers 1-2 Twisted pair cable Bus Up to ~1.2 km Up to 10 Mbps Metering, industrial control systems Simple, robust, widely used for serial data transmission CAN Bus ISO 11898 Layers 1-2 Twisted pair cable Bus Up to ~1 km Up to 1 Mbps Automotive, industrial automation High reliability, robust error detection, common in harsh environments Recommended Wired Protocols for Residential Microgrid Metering (Uganda) PLC-based (e.g., G3-PLC or IEEE 1901.2) : Ideal due to existing infrastructure (power lines). Good for scalable, reliable deployments. RS-485 : Robust, simple wiring suitable for smaller clusters. Common for direct-wired connections (local clusters). M-Bus : Suitable if integrating gas, water, or heat metering alongside electricity Comparison between wired and wireless  Aspect Wireless Option (Wi-SUN/LoRaWAN) Wired Option (G3-PLC, RS-485) Recommendation Installation Cost 🟢 Lower 🔴 Higher (cabling, labor) Wireless ✅ Maintenance Cost 🟡 Moderate (battery replacements) 🟢 Low (no batteries required) Wired ✅ Reliability 🟡 Medium (environment dependent) 🟢 High (consistent, stable) Wired ✅ Scalability 🟢 High (easy additions) 🔴 Moderate to low (harder additions) Wireless ✅ Range/ Coverage 🟢 Good (with repeaters) 🟢 Excellent (using PLC) Wired (PLC) ✅ Security 🟡 Good (depends on setup) 🟢 Very Good Wired ✅ Installation Time 🟢 Short 🔴 Longer Wireless ✅ Physical disruption 🟢 Minimal 🔴 High (trenching, wiring) Wireless ✅ 💡 Recommended Choice: Hybrid or G3-PLC 📌 Primary Recommendation: G3-PLC (Wired) Given your scenario (dense apartment blocks with existing electrical infrastructure and meters located closely on the ground floor), G3-PLC offers significant advantages: Low Ongoing Maintenance: No batteries to manage. High Reliability: Stable signal leveraging existing wiring. Cost-effective (long-term): Minimal ongoing costs after initial installation. Robust & secure : Highly suited for apartment complexes. 📌 Alternate Recommendation: Hybrid (PLC Backbone + Wireless Endpoints) If flexibility or future expansions matter, consider a hybrid setup: Use G3-PLC within each block to connect meters reliably to a local gateway. Connect block gateways to a central system via wireless ( Wi-SUN or LoRaWAN ). This reduces physical disruption between buildings while maintaining the reliability within each block. This hybrid method provides the best of both worlds—flexibility and low maintenance. Links Chatgpt detailed thread CalinMeter We got the API docs here: Calin_API_for_NFE.postman_collection.json User Manuals  User instructions for the CA168-S Single-phase electricity meter (1).pdf CA168 Din Rail Meter- Technical Specification (1).pdf Installation Guide - Calin LoraWAN Smart Meters.pdf ⚡ CalinMeter Status Codes – Postpaid Quick Reference & Action Guide 📑 Common Meter Status / Short Codes (Postpaid Use) Code Meaning Action 01 Cumulative total active kWh consumption Record/check usage trend 14 Load threshold Compare with customer load, adjust if configured too low 31 Current total active power Check load at moment of query 35 Current total power factor If persistently low, investigate load/PF correction 40 Number of meter cover open events Check tamper log; reseal if necessary 41–45 Last 1st–5th cover open times Verify tamper history 46 Number of overload trip events Review load demand; advise upgrade if frequent 47–51 Last 1st–5th overload trip times Identify when overloads occurred 52 Number of power down events Check supply reliability 53–57 Last 1st–5th power down times Cross-check with outage records 58 Number of phase down events Investigate supply-side issues 87 Reason for relay disconnecting Use table below for action (Codes related to credit/tokens are ignored in postpaid setups.) Perfect — let’s build a lookup table that maps your AMI responses (1000–1025) directly to the Code 87 disconnect sub-codes , with meaning and field action tailored for postpaid deployments . ⚡ AMI Operating Status Code Lookup (Postpaid Mode) AMI Code Code 87 Sub-Code Meaning Field Action 1000 00 Relay Closed (normal supply) ✅ No action, meter supplying load. 1001 1 No Credit (Ignore in postpaid) — not applicable. 1003 3 Over Power (load exceeded threshold) Check load vs. configured trip limit; advise reduction or adjust threshold. 1004 4 Relay Test No action needed — relay was tested. 1005 5 Open Upper Cover (tamper) Reseal cover + enter clear tamper token. 1006 6 Open Terminal Cover (tamper) Reseal cover + enter clear tamper token. 1007 7 Remote Disconnect Confirm backend/HES instruction; reconnect if not intentional. 1008 8 Not-active (meter not commissioned) Commission meter (default code: 12345). 1009 9 Over Current Inspect load for surges; advise customer or adjust protection. 1011 11 Over Voltage Supply voltage too high; report to utility/feeder operator. 1012 12 Under Voltage Supply voltage too low; report to utility/feeder operator. 1013 13 Current Reverse (possible tamper/wiring issue) Inspect wiring; correct polarity; clear tamper if needed. 1014 14 Open Enclosure Cover (tamper) Reseal + enter clear tamper token. 1015 15 Magnetic Field Interference (tamper) Investigate possible magnet tampering; clear tamper. 1016 16 Current Imbalance Check for abnormal phase imbalance; troubleshoot load. 1017 17 Neutral Line Interference Inspect neutral wiring/tamper. 1018 18 Bypass (illegal connection) Investigate and escalate if confirmed. 1021 21 Voltage Imbalance Investigate feeder phase imbalance. 1022 22 Thermal Overload Meter overheating; check ventilation/load; allow cooling. 1023 23 Low Power Factor Check load PF; recommend correction (capacitors). 1024 24 Tariff Error Backend tariff configuration issue; escalate to AMI admin. 1025 25 Remote Reconnect + Local Trip Local condition (e.g., overload/tamper) persists; troubleshoot before reconnection. ✅ Key Notes for Postpaid Teams Ignore credit-related codes (1001, and codes tied to tokens/residual amounts). Focus on tamper (1005, 1006, 1014, 1015, 1018) , load/power quality (1003, 1009, 1011–1013, 1016–1023), and backend issues (1007, 1024, 1025). Always check AMI Code → Action before deciding if a site visit is required. Would you like me to now regenerate the PDF reference card with this full 1000–1025 lookup table included, so your team doesn’t need to flip between guides? ✅  Quick Action Guide Summary Tamper-related (5, 6, 14, 15, 18) → Reseal + enter clear tamper token. Load/power issues (3, 9, 11, 12, 16, 21, 22, 23) → Inspect loads and supply conditions; report or advise customer. Backend-related (7, 24, 25) → Confirm with HES/AMI admin. Commissioning (8) → Activate with code 12345. Examples Example #1 You query the meter for meter operating status and you get back this  Answer  Meter operating status = 1008 Step 1: Interpret the Code In many AMI/CalinMeter integrations, codes like 1000 and 1008 map directly to relay/disconnect statuses (Code 87 sub-codes) . 1008 = Sub-code 8 under Code 87 . From the guide:   8 → “Not-active” → Meter not commissioned .   Step 2: What This Means in Postpaid Setup The meter is physically installed, but it hasn’t been commissioned . In this state, the meter will not supply power , regardless of load or tariff configuration. Step 3: Field Action (from Quick Action Guide) Action : Commission the meter using the commissioning token/code .   Default commissioning code is 12345 . Enter this via the CIU (Customer Interface Unit) or backend if supported.   Once successfully commissioned:   Tamper detection is activated. Relay will close and supply will start flowing.   ✅ Summary: Your AMI response of 1008 means “Meter not commissioned.” 👉 To resolve: Enter 12345 (or your site-specific commissioning token) on the CIU/backend to activate the meter. Example #2  Answer Great — let’s now map 1000 through the same guide. Case: Meter operating status = 1000 Step 1: Interpret the Code In the AMI integration, 1000 corresponds to Code 87 sub-code 00 . 00 → “Relay Closed” . Step 2: What This Means in Postpaid Setup The meter is active and commissioned . The relay is closed , meaning the meter is supplying electricity normally. No tamper or abnormal condition is blocking supply. Step 3: Field Action (from Quick Action Guide) Action : No intervention needed. Record this status if troubleshooting, since it confirms the meter is healthy and delivering power. ✅ Summary for your case: Your AMI response of 1000 means “Relay Closed – supply ON.” 👉 Everything is normal; no technician action required. ⚡ So together: 1000 = Relay Closed (meter supplying power) 1008 = Not-active (meter not commissioned; activate with commissioning code) A2EI Data Thank you for showing interest in our data and our efforts here at the A2EI! We are happy to provide you with our latest data releases from our  Solar Killed the Generator Star Project in Nigeria, our  clean cooking pilots, and our research into productive-use appliances in East Africa. Please find a detailed summary of each dataset and latest release below. Please drop us a line via datadatadata@a2ei.org if you have any comments or questions, or in case you would like to unsubscribe from receiving updates. Most recent data releases SKGS 06.04.2022  The A2EI set out to provide the sector with an open-source hardware solar business system. Two years later, we have not only made the solar generator available, but sold over 1,000 systems. Every solar generator is sending real time data on consumption and system state, which allows the A2EI to share millions of data points with the sector as open-source data. Please download our  SKGS Project Update and Data Release Report here . Download the  associated data and readme here. 29.04.2020  To date, we have over 215 smart meters (and counting) connected to small scale generators and grids in Nigeria, located within multiple markets across several regions. You can download the raw data, the meter list as well as the README  here . Find some brief release notes  here . Please find the Executive Summary  here . 02.06.2020  Please find our analysis of generator usage during COVID-19  here . Latest data releases Clean Cooking 15.11.2021  I n a new comprehensive data release report, the A2EI analyses the entire data collected by our smart meters monitoring the usage of electric pressure cookers (EPCs) by 100 pilot users in rural Tanzania from March 2020 to May 2021. Please  download the data release report here. Download the data frames  here . Download the Readme  here . 16.07.2021  The A2EI has been part of a feasibility study to pave the way for mass distribution of electric hotplates to rural households in Malawi. Please download the Study of Hotplate & Grid Use in Rural Malawi  here  and access the associated data  here . Latest data releases Productive Use 14.07.2021  We are sharing our learnings of successful ventures in the agricultural productive use appliance sector by our first "Entrepreneur in Residence", Imara Tech, and are proposing a way forward that we believe could increase the likelihood for successful product development.  Download the  summary of learnings here . 21.09.2020  The Access to Energy Institute has developed a systematic methodology and published a report to jointly discuss the question what makes or breaks a successful solar-powered productive-use appliance - and to help find solutions for successful adoption and scaling. Download the report  here . Please find the associated data and materials  here . Your feedback is very warmly welcomed. We believe that sharing our data is paramount to unlocking further entrepreneurship and engineering, which in turn will help us crack the many nuts of providing a reliable, clean and affordable universal energy supply. In our efforts to deliver meaningful data, we need your feedback in order to collect further data points and to make adjustments to our current measuring practices. For now, we wish you a wonderful day...and cheerful data crunching! All the best, your A2EI Team NFE metering strategy + Glen Street-EMS Authoritative page for NFE's role in the IEEE Smart Village meshEMS / Street-EMS initiative. Compiled 2026-08-10 from the Element room "Smart Village Energy Interest Group" (full history back to 2026-04-24), the ISV Dev Kit BOM sheet, isv.wiki, and the Rev B/C line diagrams. No customer PII or financial ledgers on this page by policy. What it is Not a standalone NFE product. It is NFE's seat in an IEEE Smart Village (ISV) open-source initiative called meshEMS , hardware-branded Street-EMS , started at an IEEE / NESL hackathon in April 2026. Hardware and firmware are led by Glenn Algie (10power.com / NESL); the software and standards side is led by Adam Sauer (ISV Tech Committee chair). The working venue is the Element/Matrix room "Smart Village Energy Interest Group". meshEMS is open-source firmware on an ESP32-S3 / ESP32-P4 module doing OpenAMI two-way metering and control over secure MQTT into OpenEMS . Deployed as a street-pole or pedestal low-voltage feeder cabinet that meters AND controls every tenant, it is designed to replace the per-tenant DIN-rail meters and the OpenEMS Raspberry Pi with a single integrated 9x15 cm EMS board. Three related code bases (grown by 10power.com with two grad EE engineers on a 90-day sprint): Street-EMS , BUILD-EMS , DTM-EMS . GitHub org: github.com/energy-iot ( ems-dev = Street-Pole EMS, nesl-meshems = the board, openami-smart-village , meshems-openami-metering ). How it fits NFE Today (pilot): CHINT DDSU666 smart meters plus a Raspberry Pi gateway over Modbus RTU / RS485, feeding OpenEMS. Current pedestal cabinet is roughly 80 x 60 x 25 cm, about USD 150 locally. Next generation: the Street-EMS cabinet folds the 3-phase meter, the per-tenant meters and the Pi into one EMS board plus an SSR bank, shrinking the cabinet (cheaper, fits indoor locations, easier to secure from theft and weather) and adding per-tenant remote control and local energy-policy automation. The cabinet (Rev C, 9-tenant, 3-phase LV feeder) Signal flow left to right: Incoming LV feeder L1/L2/L3 + N + PE. Each phase: a 63A main breaker (QF1/QF2/QF3), a mains-usage CT (CT4/CT10/CT16), then a UKK80 terminal block fanning out to up to 6 tenant ways per phase. Three Ivy RCMs (RCM1/2/3), one residual-current monitor per phase, for continuous leakage and neutral insight. Modbus UART to RS485 adaptor. Nine contactors K1..K9 (3 tenants per phase) for per-tenant remote connect/disconnect, each with a tenant-usage CT (CT1,2,3,7,8,9,13,14,15). Controller on the cabinet door: "Street-EMS w RGBW" = 3 stacked CircuitSetup 6-channel CT meters = 18 channels (9 tenant + 3 mains + 6 spare). Two 8-channel opto-isolated zero-crossing SSRs drive the 9 contactor coils (9 control lines, 3x3 per phase, 240 Vac sensitive). Backplate Power PCB: fused, TVS surge protected, 3x Myrra 44122 240-to-9 Vac, giving 5V 2A and 12V 1A. Legend (Rev B with legend): QF circuit breaker, CT current transformer, K contactor, UKK80 distribution terminal block, RCM residual current monitor, SSR solid-state relay, PCB printed circuit board, EVSE EV charger. 1P+N one phase plus neutral. RS485 / Modbus UART / I2C communications. Decisions ratified in the room (2026-07-25): 1P over 1P+N for tenant breakers and contactors (1P is cheaper; do not switch neutral except for EV). 80A over 63A rating, chosen to leave room for a future EV station at a new location later this year. Rev B to Rev C added the legend; the diagram is deemed complete with only a few unlabelled wires to clarify at the workshop. Still open: the make-before-break 80A neutral / phase-transfer balancer ("neutral rebalancer transfer method and apparatus") and the EVSE port are marked spare-room / in-progress. Firmware and energy-policy vision (Glenn) Local, IFTTT-style per-tenant automation in C/C++ on the ESP32, not just remote on/off: Triggers: prepaid-token expiry, over-voltage, over-current, over-kW, over-kWh, over-generation, over-storage. Actions: SSR disconnect (normally-closed contactor coil), SMS alert, RGBW LED or e-paper warning at the tenant box, a flash-warning cadence before cutoff, and a graceful post-sunset lighting-only allowance (about 10-20 W for a few hours from battery when storage allows). Policy model: each tenant has a JSON "mode" (safety vs prepaid-shutdown automations) stored in ESP32 SPIFFS or SD as a persistent energy-model cache. Grid insight: continuous per-phase leakage detection, neutral-imbalance alerts, phase-loss detection. Cloudless village An ESP32-P4 with its own Ethernet NIC acts as a per-feeder aggregation node. Street-EMS units LAN-hop along the feeder ("feeder hops") to run an in-village pay-go portal and full UX with no broadband. Optional LoRa / Meshtastic mesh and power-line communication on top; optional low-cost village camera / audio snapshots. Standards and interoperability (OpenAMI) OpenAMI is the "actionable energy telemetry" layer, the utility-facing layer above a village feeder. Built on DLMS/COSEM (IEC 62056), SunSpec Modbus/JSON, MQTT, IEEE 1547-2018 (DER interconnection) and IEEE 2030.5 (Smart Energy Profile). Village Metering goals: billing, remote disconnect, theft detection. EnAccess Foundation is extending the OpenAMI codeset. Reference: isv.wiki (repo github.com/overview-solutions/isv-ai-wiki , MIT). The workshop (immediate driver of the ISV Dev Kit BOM) IEEE ISV awarded Glenn and Adam a 4-session, 9-hour hands-on workshop (assemble an EMS in about 15 minutes each, assemble a cabinet, run code challenges). IEEE funds the parts BOM. Plan: build 15-20 EMS units and 3-5 multitenant cabinets for participants to take home (about USD 50 each). Parts pre-ship to Albert, the ISV lead in Nairobi (AliExpress China to Nairobi direct; small PCB parts hand-carried, PSUs prebuilt on site). BOM total about USD 2,377 per batch (see the ISV Dev Kit BOM sheet). Venues: PAC2026 Nairobi (September) and OSEAS Kigali, Rwanda (October, about EUR 50). NFE attendance (as of 2026-08-10): Dansturn and Dismas are going to Kenya (Nairobi). Aaron, now back in Uganda, could join them. Kigali remains a possibility. Glenn asked NFE to co-lead the cabinet builds. People and orgs Glenn Algie (10power.com / NESL / IEEE ISV, hardware + firmware; also WMAC.CLOUD New Zealand, REI Cameroon). Adam Sauer (ISV Tech Committee chair, meshems software + OpenAMI, runs isv.wiki). Aaron Tushabe, Hillary Arinda, Dansturn, Dismas (NFE). Albert (ISV Nairobi lead). Abiodun Okunola (ISV Africa regional lead). EnAccess Foundation, EPRI Open Source, NESL. Sources Element room "Smart Village Energy Interest Group" ( #smartvillage:matrix.nearlyfreeenergy.com ), full history from 2026-04-24. ISV Dev Kit BOM (Google Sheet 1AeAUrfL-Fu_j3xsBPjY555B0huxV0nnMtRjkDTFPjTE ). Line diagrams saved at NFE/smart village energy interest group/ (Rev B with legend, Rev C editable + PDF). isv.wiki; github.com/energy-iot . Open items Confirm the Rev C legend back to Glenn (he asked). Decide and mobilize the NFE workshop attendance (Nairobi confirmed for Dansturn + Dismas; Aaron + Kigali possible). Fill the detailed per-tenant "Behind the Meter" companion page. Phase Balancing Recommendation (Sezibwa) Recommendation for re-assigning Sezibwa's single-phase customers across the three phases of the SRNE three-phase inverter, to fix a severe load imbalance. Uses meter IDs; the site operator maps these to customers. Implementation status (2026-08-24) The two minimal phase-balancing moves were completed on the morning of 2026-08-24: Completed: meter 003 moved from L1 to L2. Completed: meter 009 moved from L2 to L3. Outstanding (optional): meter 004 remains on L3; the optional move from L3 to L1 was not completed. The expected post-change distribution is L1 5.9 / L2 7.3 / L3 7.6 kWh/day (28 / 35 / 37 percent), based on the historical load profile. Live measurements should be reviewed after sufficient post-change data has accumulated to confirm the achieved balance. Baseline before the change (the problem) Before the 2026-08-24 reconnections, meter_100's per-phase energy and per-customer voltage matching (all high-confidence), the current assignment and daily load is: Phase Load (kWh/day) Share Customer meters (kWh/day) L1 10.4 50 percent 002 (5.7), 003 (4.5), 008 (0.1), 011 (0.1) L2 5.1 25 percent 009 (2.3), 007 (1.6), 010 (1.2) L3 5.3 25 percent 006 (2.7), 005 (2.1), 004 (0.5) Total site load about 20.7 kWh/day, so the ideal is about 6.9 kWh/day per phase. L1 carries half the site while L2 and L3 carry a quarter each. Root cause: the two largest consumers, meter 002 (5.7) and meter 003 (4.5), are both on L1. Together they are 10.2 kWh/day, which already exceeds a balanced phase on its own. Updated meter reference (after 2026-08-24 phase balancing) This table records the wiring after the two completed moves. Initials only (no full names, per the customer-data rule). Modbus address is the meter's slave address; serial is the physical meter serial. Energy figures are historical averages used for the recommendation, not post-change measurements. Meter Modbus addr Serial Customer (initials) Previous phase Current phase Change status Historical kWh/day meter_002 2 200326019929 NP L1 L1 Unchanged 5.7 meter_003 3 200326020101 KFH L1 L2 Moved 2026-08-24 4.5 meter_004 4 200326020199 AB L3 L3 Optional L3→L1 move outstanding 0.5 meter_005 5 200326020128 KFH L3 L3 Unchanged 2.1 meter_006 6 200326020209 WS L3 L3 Unchanged 2.7 meter_007 7 210302003356 JN L2 L2 Unchanged 1.6 meter_008 8 200326019807 PO L1 L1 Unchanged 0.1 meter_009 9 250902040373 DK L2 L3 Moved 2026-08-24 2.3 meter_010 10 250902040216 SN L2 L2 Unchanged 1.2 meter_011 11 250902040311 (unmapped) L1 L1 Unchanged 0.1 KFH holds two meters (003 and 005), now split across L2 and L3. Names are looked up live from the customer database by serial; the logical-to-service-ID map in the logger configuration had 009/010 transposed, so the physical serial remains authoritative. Why phase balance matters Voltage quality. L1 carries roughly twice the current of L2/L3, so it has the largest voltage drop. Customers on L1 see the lowest voltage (dimmer lights, more appliance stress) while L2/L3 sit high. Balancing evens the voltage across customers. Backup capacity. The SRNE is a three-phase inverter with a per-phase output limit. During a grid outage (battery backup), an overloaded L1 can hit its per-phase limit and trip or brown out even though L2 and L3 have spare capacity and the total is within the inverter rating. Balancing maximises the backup the site can actually deliver. Losses. Imbalance drives neutral current and extra I2R losses in the distribution. Note: this does not affect the battery arbitrage or solar economics. The three-phase inverter time-shifts the site's total energy across all phases, so the savings analysis is unchanged. Phase balancing is a separate power-quality and backup-reliability issue. Implemented recommendation (minimal moves) The following two reconnections were completed on 2026-08-24: Completed: meter 003 (4.5 kWh/day) moved from L1 to L2 — the key move, separating the two big loads (002 and 003). Completed: meter 009 (2.3 kWh/day) moved from L2 to L3 — rebalances L2 after taking on 003. Expected result based on the historical load profile: Phase Before After 2 moves L1 10.4 (50 percent) 5.9 (28 percent) L2 5.1 (25 percent) 7.3 (35 percent) L3 5.3 (25 percent) 7.6 (37 percent) The max-minus-min spread drops from 5.3 to 1.7 kWh/day. Outstanding optional third move for near-perfect balance: meter 004 (0.5) remains on L3. Moving it from L3 to L1 would give L1 6.4 / L2 7.3 / L3 7.1 (31 / 35 / 34 percent), spread 0.9. The calculation Total daily energy about 20.7 kWh across three phases, so ideal is 20.7 / 3 = 6.9 kWh/day per phase. Current spread (heaviest minus lightest): 10.4 - 5.1 = 5.3 kWh/day. After the two moves: 7.6 - 5.9 = 1.7 kWh/day. After the optional third move: 7.3 - 6.4 = 0.9 kWh/day. Loads are from the same meter data used across the Sezibwa economic analysis (meter_100 aggregate plus per-customer meters, over the March to August 2026 window). Note that meters 003 and 005 belong to the same customer (two service points); moving 003 to L2 leaves that customer with one meter on L2 and one on L3, which is fine. Data provenance Underlying data: the aggregate meter meter_100 plus the 10 customer sub-meters, over 2026-03-19 to 2026-08-10 , from the modbus energy-logger archive (sources: pi-direct and nextcloud-import), i.e. the pre- and early-OpenEMS period. Load basis is a conservative 21.3 kWh/day. Note (2026-08-20): the site has since migrated to OpenEMS , which is now the live source. OpenEMS-sourced daily figures from mid-August show inconsistencies (the aggregate roughly doubled exactly at the source switchover, and on some days the customer-meter sum exceeds the aggregate), so they are treated as a data-quality issue to resolve before use; this analysis stays on the validated archive. The baseline phase assignments reflect wiring observed up to about May 2026. The meter reference and implementation status above were updated for the reconnections completed on 2026-08-24; OpenEMS measurements should be used to verify the resulting live balance.